Spelling East Cree (Southern) – Adding endings to nouns and verbs
Adding a suffix to nouns which end in ᐤ
When a diminutive, locative or possessive suffix is added to most words that end in ᐤ, the ᐤ is dropped (see also How the small syllabic symbols change when an ending is added).
| Diminutive | Locative/Simulative | Possessive | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ᓈᐯᐤ | ᓈᐯᔥ | ᓈᐯᐦᒡ | ᓂᓈᐯᒻ |
| ᐃᔅᐧᑫᐤ | ᐃᔅᐧᑫᔥ | ᐃᔅᐧᑫᐦᒡ | ᓂᑕᔅᐧᑫᒻ |
| ᐅᒋᒫᐤ | ᐅᒋᒫᔥ | ᐅᒋᒫᐦᒡ | ᓅᒋᒫᒻ |
| ᐧᐄᔑᓈᐤ | ᐧᐄᔑᓈᔥ | ᐧᐄᔑᓈᐦᒡ | ᓂᐧᐄᔑᓈᒻ |
| ᐅᔥᑳᒉᐤ | ᐅᔥᑳᒉᔥ | ᐅᔥᑳᒉᐦᒡ | ᓅᔥᑳᒉᒻ |
| ᓇᒣᐤ | ᓇᒣᔥ / ᓇᒣᐅᔥ | ᓇᒣᐦᒡ | ᓂᓇᒣᒻ |
| ᐱᔦᐤ | ᐱᔦᔥ | ᐱᔦᐦᒡ | ᓂᐱᔦᒻ |
| ᒫᓂᑌᐤ | ᒫᓂᑌᔥ | ᒫᓂᑌᐦᒡ | ᓂᒫᓂᑌᒻ |
| ᐃᔥᑯᑌᐤ | ᐃᔥᑯᑌᔥ | ᐃᔥᑯᑌᐦᒡ | ᓂᑎᔥᑯᑌᒻ |
| ᔔᑳᐤ | ᔔᑳᔥ | ᔔᑳᐦᒡ | ᓂᔔᑳᒻ |
| ᐯᐹᐤ | ᐯᐹᔥ | ᐯᐹᐦᒡ | ᓂᐯᐹᒻ |
| ᓯᒋᒣᐤ | ᓯᒋᒣᔥ | ᓯᒋᒣᐦᒡ | ᓂᓯᒋᒣᒻ |
Exceptions…
| Diminutive | Locative/Simulative | Possessive | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ᐧᐋᐤ | ᐧᐋᐅᔥ | ᐧᐋᐅᐦᒡ | ᓂᐧᐋᐅᒻ |
| ᐋᐃᐦᑯᓈᐤ | ᐋᐃᐦᑯᓈᐅᔥ | ᐋᐃᐦᑯᓈᐦᒡ | ᓂᑖᐃᐦᑯᓈᒻ |
Note: The ᐤ is changed to ᐅ when the animate plural ending is added.
| ᓈᐯᐤ | ᓈᐯᐅᒡ |
| ᓯᒋᒣᐤ | ᓯᒋᒣᐅᒡ |
| ᐃᔅᐧᑫᐤ | ᐃᔅᐧᑫᐅᒡ |
Adding endings to nouns which end in ᐃ
When the noun ends in ᐃ, often the ᐃ is dropped.
| Diminutive | Locative/Simulative | Possessive | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ᐊᐳᐃ | ᐊᐳᐃᔥ/ᐊᐴᔥ | ᐊᐴᐦᒡ | ᓂᑕᐳᐃ/ᓂᐳᐃ |
| ᐊᐱᔓᐃ | ᐊᐱᔓᐃᔥ | ᐊᐱᔔᐦᒡ | ᓂᑕᐱᔓᐃ |
| ᐧᐄᑑᓈᐳᐃ | ᐧᐄᑑᓈᐳᐃᔥ/ᐧᐄᑑᓈᐴᔥ | ᐧᐄᑑᓈᐴᐦᒡ | ᓂᐧᐄᑑᓈᐳᐃ |
Be careful of the following words where ᑯ becomes ᐧᑳ (or does not):
| Diminutive | Locative/Simulative | Possessive | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ᐊᓇᑯᐃ | ᐊᓇᐧᑳᔥ | ᐊᓇᐧᑳᐦᒡ | ᓂᓇᑯᐃ |
| ᐧᐄᐦᑯᐃ | ᐧᐄᐦᐧᑳᔥ | ᐧᐄᐦᐧᑳᐦᒡ | ᓂᐧᐄᐦᐧᑳᒻ |
| ᐅᔥᑯᐃ | ᐅᔥᐧᑳᔥ | ᐅᔥᐧᑳᐦᒡ | ᓅᔥᐧᑳᒻ |
| ᐅᑯᐦᑕᔥᑯᐃ | ᐅᑯᐦᑕᔥᐧᑳᔥ | ᐅᑯᐦᑕᔥᐧᑳᐦᒡ | ᓂᑯᐦᑕᔥᑯᐃ |
Adding endings to nouns which end in ᒎ, ᔔ, ᓲ, ᑑ, ᔫ
When a suffix for the diminutive, locative, or possessive is added to these words, the syllabic changes from ᔓ to ᔑ, ᓱ to ᓯ, ᒍ to ᒋ and ᔫ to ᔨ.
| Diminutive | Locative/Simulative | Possessive | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ᐱᒎ | ᐱᒌᔥ | ᐱᒌᐦᒡ | ᓂᐱᒌᒻ |
| ᐱᔔ | ᐱᔒᔥ | ᐱᔒᐦᒡ | ᓂᐱᔒᒻ |
| ᐧᐄᐱᒎ | ᐧᐄᐱᒌᔥ | ᐧᐄᐱᒌᐦᒡ | ᓂᐧᐄᐱᒌᒻ |
| ᑳᐦᑳᒎ | ᑳᐦᑳᒌᔥ | ᑳᐦᑳᒌᐦᒡ | ᓂᑳᐦᑳᒌᒻ |
| ᐅᐦᐆᒥᓲ | ᐅᐦᐆᒥᔒᔥ | ᐅᐦᐆᒥᓰᐦᒡ | ᓄᐦᐆᒥᓰᒻ |
| ᒋᔅᑯᑕᒫᒉᓲ | ᒋᔅᑯᑕᒫᒉᔒᔥ | ᒋᔅᑯᑕᒫᒉᓰᐦᒡ | ᓂᒋᔅᑯᑕᒫᒉᓰᒻ |
| ᒪᐦᒉᔔ | ᒪᐦᒉᔒᔥ | ᒪᐦᒉᔒᐦᒡ | ᓂᒪᐦᒉᔒᒻ |
| ᓲᓵᓲ | ᓲᓵᓰᔥ | ᓲᓵᓰᐦᒡ | ᓂᓲᓵᓰᒻ |
| ᐧᐋᔥᑫᔔ | ᐧᐋᔥᑫᔒᔥ | ᐧᐋᔥᑫᔒᐦᒡ | ᓂᐧᐋᔥᑫᔒᒻ |
| ᐧᐋᐧᐋᔥᑫᔔ | ᐧᐋᐧᐋᔥᑫᔒᔥ | ᐧᐋᐧᐋᔥᑫᔒᐦᒡ | ᓂᐧᐋᐧᐋᔥᑫᔒᒻ |
| ᐱᔦᓲ | ᐱᔦᔒᔥ | ᐱᔦᓰᐦᒡ | ᓂᐱᔦᓰᒻ |
| ᐄᔨᔫ | ᐄᔨᔨᔥ | ᐄᔨᔨᐦᒡ | ᓂᑎᔨᔨᒻ |
| ᐄᓅ | ᐄᓃᔥ | ᐄᓃᐦᒡ | ᓂᑎᓃᒻ |
There are some words which end in ᒨ or ᑑ that do not change to ᒦ or ᑏ.
| Diminutive | Locative/Simulative | Possessive | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ᐋᒨ | ᐋᒨᔥ | ᐋᒨᐦᒡ | ᓂᑖᒨᒻ |
| ᒪᓂᑑ | ᒪᓂᑑᔥ | ᒪᓂᑑᐦᒡ | ᓂᒪᓂᑑᒻ |
| ᐧᐄᑑ | ᐧᐄᑑᔥ | ᐧᐄᑑᐦᒡ | ᓂᐧᐄᑑᒻ |
| ᐊᒥᔅᑯᐦᑑ | ᐊᒥᔅᑯᐦᑑᔥ | ᐊᒥᔅᑯᐦᑑᐦᒡ | ᓂᑕᒥᔅᑯᐦᑑᒻ |
Adding endings to verbs which end in ᐆ, ᐦᐆ, ᐴ, ᑑ, ᒎ, ᔔ, ᓲ, ᔫ
| ᔦᑳᐆ | ᔦᑳᐆᐧᐃᒡ |
| ᐃᔮᐅᒋᐦᐆ | ᐃᔮᐅᒋᐦᐆᐧᐃᒡ |
| ᐊᐴ | ᐊᐴᐧᐃᒡ |
| ᒋᓄᑳᐴ | ᒋᓄᑳᐴᐧᐃᒡ |
| ᒫᑑ | ᒫᑑᐧᐃᒡ |
| ᐱᓯᑰ | ᐱᓯᑰᐧᐃᒡ |
| ᐱᒎ | ᐱᒎᐧᐃᒡ |
| ᒥᔪᔔ | ᒥᔪᔔᐧᐃᒡ |
| ᒦᒋᓲ | ᒦᒋᓲᐧᐃᒡ |
| ᐹᐸᔫ | ᐹᐸᔫᐧᐃᒡ |
Adding endings to verbs which end in ᓐ or ᒻ
The small ᓐ or ᒻ will change to a big ᒧ or ᓄ. This is difficult to hear in the coastal dialects but easier in the inland ones.
| ᐧᐋᐸᐦᑕᒻ | ᐧᐋᐸᐦᑕᒧᒡ |
| ᐧᑖᐦᐊᒻ | ᐧᑖᐦᐊᒧᒡ |
| ᐱᒥᔑᓐ | ᐱᒥᔑᓂᒡ / ᐱᒥᔑᓅᒡ |
| ᑕᑯᔑᓐ | ᑕᑯᔑᓂᒡ / ᑕᑯᔑᓅᒡ |
| ᐅᑖᒥᔑᓐ | ᐅᑖᒥᔑᓂᒡ / ᐅᑖᒥᔑᓅᒡ |
See also: Spelling East Cree – Northern Dialect – Adding endings to nouns
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Dialect Differences
- ᒋᐦᑲᔥᑖᑲᓐᐦ The Use of Dots
- Syllabic Finals
- ᐃ, ᐄ and ᔨ
- Syllabic symbols not to forget to write
- Adding endings to nouns and verbs
- Boundaries
- New spellings as of summer 2015
- Punctuation
- Writing Names
- Standard Roman Orthography (SRO)
Grammar