Short ᐃ or ᐊ at the beginning
In many words the short ᐃ or ᐊ at the beginning is not pronounced in ordinary fast speech. However, you can hear it clearly when a prefix is added to the beginning of a word. Make sure to write the ᐃ or ᐊ, even when it is not audible or pronounced.
| ᐎ |
ᐊ |
| ᐃᔥᒀᐦᑖᒻ |
ᐊᓵᒻ |
| ᐃᔅᑭᓂᐱᐳᓐᐦ |
ᐊᔥᑐᑎᓐ |
| ᐃᔥᑯᑖᐤ |
ᐊᐱᔒᔥ |
| ᐃᔥᐱᒥᐦᒡ |
ᐊᒀᑖᑦ |
| ᐃᔅᒀᐤ |
ᐊᔅᑎᓯᒡ |
| ᐃᔥᒀᔑᔥ |
ᐊᒥᔅᒄ |
| ᐃᔥᐱᔑᒧᓐ |
ᐊᒋᒧᔑᔥ |
| ᐃᐦᑐᑎᒻ |
ᐊᒀᐱᐦᑖᓂᒻ |
| ᐃᔅᐧᑳᓯᒻ |
ᐊᒋᑳᔥ |
ᐎ and ᐅ
It is often difficult to hear the difference between ᐎ and ᐅ. In order to decide which one to write, it is best to check with the dictionary.
| ᐐ |
ᐅ |
| ᐎᒋᔥᒄ |
ᐅᔥᑎᒀᓐ |
| ᐎᒋᔥᑐᓐ |
ᐅᔅᑯᑦ |
| ᐎᒌ |
ᐅᑐᓐ |
| ᐎᓈᒋᐦᐋᐤ |
ᐅᒥᓂᒄ |
ᐎ, ᐐ and ᐅ
Words beginning with ᐎ, ᐐ and ᐅ can sound alike before ᔩ, ᔮ and ᔫ.
| ᐎ |
ᐐ |
ᐅ |
| ᐎᔮᑭᓐ |
plate |
ᐐᔨᐙᐤ |
them |
ᐅᔨᐤ |
her/his body |
| ᐎᔫ |
it howls |
ᐐᐤᐦ |
his wife |
|
|
|
|
ᐐᐎᑦ |
his bag, load |
|
|
|
|
ᐐᔩ |
his bladder |
|
|
|
|
ᐐᔨ |
she, he |
|
|
Note the irregular possessed forms:
| ᐎᔮᔅ |
ᐅᐎᔮᓯᒻ |
| ᓅᔮᓯᒻ (ᓂ+ᐎ=ᓅ) |
| ᑰᔮᓯᒻ (ᒋ+ᐎ=ᑰ) |
| ᐎᔮᑭᓐ |
ᐅᐎᔮᑭᓐ |
| ᓅᔮᑭᓐ (ᓂ+ᐎ=ᓅ) |
| ᑰᔮᑭᓐ (ᒋ+ᐎ=ᑰ) |
| ᐅᑎᓂᒑᐤ |
ᐆᑎᓂᑭᓐᐦ (ᐅ+ᐅ=ᐆ) |
| ᓅᑎᓂᑭᓐᐦ |
| ᑰᑎᓂᑭᓐᐦ |
| ᐅᒋᐧᑳᒋᑭᓐ |
ᐆᒋᐧᑳᒋᑭᓐ (ᐅ+ᐅ=ᐆ) |
| ᓅᒋᐧᑳᒋᑭᓐ |
| ᑰᒋᐧᑳᒋᑭᓐ |
| Dependent noun |
| ᐅᓯᓯᒻᐦ |
ᓅᓯᓯᒻ (ᓂ+ᐅ=ᓅ) |
| ᑰᓯᓯᒻ (ᒋ+ᐅ=ᑰ) |
Do not confuse ᐎᔮᔅ ‘meat’ with ᐅᔮᔅ ‘flesh of the body’, which is a dependent noun:
| ᐅᔮᔅ |
her/his own flesh |
| ᓂᔮᔅ |
my own flesh |
| ᒋᔮᔅ |
your own flesh |
ᐎᓐ at the end of a word
A noun can be made from a verb by adding ᐎᓐ.
| Verb |
Noun |
| ᑖᐦᑎᐱᐤ |
ᑖᐦᑎᐳᐎᓐ |
| ᐊᔨᒥᐦᐋᐤ |
ᐊᔨᒥᐦᐋᐎᓐ |
| ᒋᔅᑯᑎᒫᒑᐤ |
ᒋᔅᑯᑎᒫᒑᐎᓐ |
| ᐃᓯᓂᐦᑳᓲ |
ᐃᓯᓂᐦᑳᓱᐎᓐ |
ᓂ at the beginning of a word
In many words that begin with ᓂ, there is a tendency to write this syllabic symbol as a small ᓐ. This symbol is used only at the end of words.
| Write… |
Not… |
| ᓂᑐᐦᑯᔨᓐ |
ᓐᑐᐦᑯᔨᓐ |
| ᓂᒋᒄ |
ᓐᒋᒄ |
| ᓂᑑᐦᐆ |
ᓐᑑᐦᐆ |
| ᓂᑎᐙᐱᒫᐤ |
ᓐᑐᐙᐱᒫᐤ |
| ᓂᑖᒥᒡ |
ᓐᑖᒥᒡ |
| ᓂᑎᐙᔑᔒᒻ |
ᓐᑎᐙᔑᔒᒻ |
Some numbers are pronounced two ways, with or without ᓂ at the beginning.
ᒋ at the beginning
Often words that are written with ᒋ at the beginning are pronounced with ᔥ or ᔅ. The big ᒋ should still be written before ᑎ, ᑐ, ᑖ.
| Write… |
Not… |
| ᒋᑖᒻ |
ᔥᑖᒻ |
| ᒋᑎᐙᔑᔒᒻ |
ᔥᑎᐙᔑᔒᒻ |
| ᒋᑖᓂᔅ |
ᔅᑖᓂᔅ |
| ᒋᑎᔅᒡ |
ᔅᑎᔅᒡ |
Also before ᒌ…
| Write… |
Not… |
| ᒋᒌᐦ ᒥᔅᑳᓐ |
ᔅᒌ ᒥᔅᑳᓐ |
| ᒋᒌᐦ ᒦᒋᓐ |
ᔅᒌ ᒦᒋᓐ |
ᒋ in the middle of a word…
| Write… |
Not… |
| ᑆᒋᔅᑑ |
ᑆᔅᑑ |
| ᐐᐦᒋᔅᑎᐤ |
ᐐᔅᑎᐤ |
| ᐱᒋᔅᑎᓂᒻ |
ᐱᔅᑎᓂᒻ |
| ᑳᐦᒋᔥᑎᓂᒻ |
ᑳᔥᑎᓂᒻ |
See also: Spelling East Cree – Southern Dialect – Syllabic symbols not to forget to write