{"id":748,"date":"2010-01-05T22:02:08","date_gmt":"2010-01-06T03:02:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.eastcree.org\/eastcree\/?page_id=748"},"modified":"2019-11-25T09:29:15","modified_gmt":"2019-11-25T14:29:15","slug":"vti","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.eastcree.org\/cree\/en\/grammar\/southern-dialect\/verbs\/cree-verb-classes\/vti\/","title":{"rendered":"VTI"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\r\n\r\n

<\/a>VTI (Verb Transitive Inanimate)<\/h1>\r\n

Transitive Inanimate Verbs (VTI) are verbs with two roles (transitive) filled by an animate subject and an inanimate object.<\/p>\r\n
Observation<\/caption>\r\n
\u14aa\u14ef\u14c7\u1426\u140a\u14bb \u14aa\u14ef\u14c7\u1426\u1404\u1472\u14c2\u152b \u1549\u156a\u166e<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nmasinaham masinahiikaniyuu Ruth.<\/td>\r\nRuth is writing a book.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
\u1404\u1505\u146f\u1438\u1455\u14bb \u1405\u1456\u1505\u166e<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\niiskupatam utaas.<\/td>\r\nHe is pulling up his socks.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
\u14aa\u14c7\u1426\u140a\u14bb \u148c\u1505\u1456\u1505\u1427\u1473\u14d0\u1426\u166e<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nmanaham chiistaaskwaanh.<\/td>\r\nShe is pulling out nails.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

VTI verbs can be found in all orders, with all persons. In the Southern dialect, in their dictionary form, they always end in -am<\/em>. See VTI stems<\/a>.\u00a0Below are some examples of their inflection (regular and relational).<\/p>\r\n
Independent Indicative Neutral<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>
\u14c2\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u144c\u14d0 \u14c2\u14a8\u1426\u146f\u14ab\u14d0<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nniwaapahten nimuuhkumaan.<\/td>\r\n‘I see my own knife’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u1455\u14bb \u1405\u14a8\u1426\u146f\u14ab\u14d0<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nwaapahtam umuuhkumaan.<\/td>\r\n‘She sees her\/his own knife’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u1455\u14a5\u152b \u1405\u14a8\u1426\u146f\u14ab\u14c2\u152b<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nwaapahtamiyuu umuuhkumaaniyuu.<\/td>\r\n‘She (John’s daughter) sees her knife.’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u1455\u14bb \u14c2\u14a8\u1426\u146f\u14ab\u14c2\u152b<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nwaapahtam nimuuhkumaaniyuu<\/td>\r\n‘She sees my knife.’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
\u148b\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u144c\u14d0 \u14c2\u14a8\u1426\u146f\u14ab\u14d0<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nchiwaapahten nimuuhkumaan.<\/td>\r\n‘You see my knife.’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Relational Forms<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>
\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u1455\u14a7\u1427\u1401\u1424 \u1405\u14a8\u1426\u146f\u14ab\u14c2\u152b<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nWaapahtamuw<\/strong>eu umuuhkumaaniyuu.<\/td>\r\n‘She sees his\/her (someone else’s) knife.’ (‘Peter sees John’s knife’).<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
\u148b\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u1455\u14a7\u1427\u140a\u14d0 \u1405\u14a8\u1426\u146f\u14ab\u14d0<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nChiwaapahtamuw<\/strong>an umuuhkumaan.<\/td>\r\n‘You see his\/her knife.’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Paradigm example:<\/h5>\r\n
Independent Indicative Neutral<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>
2<\/td>\r\n\u148b\u1472\u14c7\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u144c\u14d0<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nchikanawaapahten<\/td>\r\n‘you look at it’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
1<\/td>\r\n\u14c2\u1472\u14c7\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u144c\u14d0<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nnikanawaapahten<\/td>\r\n‘I look at it’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
3<\/td>\r\n\u1472\u14c7\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u1455\u14bb<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nkanawaapahtam<\/td>\r\n‘she looks at it’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
4<\/td>\r\n\u1472\u14c7\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u1455\u14a5\u152b\u1426<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nkanawaapahtamiyuuh<\/td>\r\n‘her\/his\/their (child\/children) look\/s at it’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
2p<\/td>\r\n\u148b\u1472\u14c7\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u144c\u14c8\u1427\u140b\u1427<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nchikanawaapahtenaawaaw<\/td>\r\n‘you-all look at it’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
21p<\/td>\r\n\u148b\u1472\u14c7\u1427\u140a\u1438\u1426\u144c\u14c8\u14c5<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nchikanawapahtenaanuu<\/td>\r\n‘we (you and me ) look at it’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
1p<\/td>\r\n\u14c2\u1472\u14c7\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u144c\u14c8\u14d0<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nnikanawaapahtenaan<\/td>\r\n‘we (me and her\/him) looks at it’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
3p<\/td>\r\n\u1472\u14c7\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u1455\u14a7\u14a1<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nkanawaapahtamuch<\/td>\r\n‘they look at it’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
indef<\/td>\r\n\u1472\u14c7\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u1455\u1472\u14c5<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nkanawaapahtakanuu<\/td>\r\n‘people look at it’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
indef obv<\/td>\r\n\u1472\u14c7\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u1455\u1472\u14c5\u152b<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nkanawaapahtakanuuyuu<\/td>\r\n‘everyone (while she is there) looks at it’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Relational Forms<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>
2<\/td>\r\n\u148b\u1472\u14c7\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u1455\u14a7\u1427\u140b\u14d0<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nchikanawaapahtamuwaan<\/td>\r\n‘You look at her\/his…’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
1<\/td>\r\n\u14c2\u1472\u14c7\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u1455\u14a7\u1427\u140b\u14d0<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nnikanawaapahtamuwaan<\/td>\r\n‘I look at her\/his…’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
3<\/td>\r\n\u1472\u14c7\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u1455\u14a7\u1427\u1401\u1424<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nkanawaapahtamuweu<\/td>\r\n‘she looks at her\/his…’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
2p<\/td>\r\n\u148b\u1472\u14c7\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u1455\u14a7\u1427\u140b\u14c8\u1427\u140b\u1427<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nchikanawaapahtamuwaanaawaaw<\/td>\r\n‘you-all look at her\/his…’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
21p<\/td>\r\n\u148b\u1472\u14c7\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u1455\u14a7\u1427\u140b\u14c8\u14c5<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nchikanawaapahtamuwaanaanuu<\/td>\r\n‘we (you and me) look at her\/his…’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
1p<\/td>\r\n\u14c2\u1472\u14c7\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u1455\u14a7\u1427\u140b\u14c8\u14d0<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nnikanawaapahtamuwaanaan<\/td>\r\n‘we (me and her\/him) look at her\/his…’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
3p<\/td>\r\n\u1472\u14c7\u1427\u140b\u1438\u1426\u1455\u14a7\u1427\u1401\u1405\u14a1<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nkanawaapahtamuweuch<\/td>\r\n‘they look at her\/his…’<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

Link to Conjugation Tables<\/a><\/p>

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