{"id":2842,"date":"2011-01-12T23:28:04","date_gmt":"2011-01-13T04:28:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.eastcree.org\/cree\/"},"modified":"2017-07-17T21:10:37","modified_gmt":"2017-07-18T01:10:37","slug":"personal-emphatic","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.eastcree.org\/cree\/en\/grammar\/southern-dialect\/pronouns\/personal-emphatic\/","title":{"rendered":"Personal-Emphatic"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1 class=\"pg-title\"><a name=\"top\"><\/a>Personal Pronouns<\/h1>\r\n<ul><li>Emphatic<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"..\/Personal-Prefixes\">Prefixes<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"..\/Personal-Inclusive\">Inclusive<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul><h3 class=\"head\">Personal emphatic pronouns<\/h3>\r\n<table><caption>Observation<\/caption>\r\n<tbody><tr><td class=\"bjcex\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\u14c0\u144c\u1426 \u148b\u1472 \u1403\u1450\u1426\u144c\u1424 \u1427\u1404\u166e<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18px;\"><img class=\"clickable\" title=\"Click here to hear this word\" data-sound-url=\"\/snd\/grammar\/SPr\/1.mp3\" src=\"\/img\/speak.gif\" alt=\"Click here to hear this word\"><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"crex\">neteh chika ituhteu <strong>wii<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"gloss\">It is her who will go there.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p>The word <span class=\"bjct\">\u1427\u1404<\/span> <span class=\"crt\">wii<\/span> is called a personal pronoun. Cree has a set of personal pronouns that are used to express emphasis.<\/p>\r\n<table class=\"clear med-table\"><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"4\">Personal emphatic pronouns<\/th>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td class=\"bjcex\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\u148c<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18px;\"><img class=\"clickable\" title=\"Click here to hear this word\" data-sound-url=\"\/snd\/grammar\/SPr\/2a.mp3\" src=\"\/img\/speak.gif\" alt=\"Click here to hear this word\"><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"crex\">chii<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"gloss\">you<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td class=\"bjcex\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\u14c3<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18px;\"><img class=\"clickable\" title=\"Click here to hear this word\" data-sound-url=\"\/snd\/grammar\/SPr\/2b.mp3\" src=\"\/img\/speak.gif\" alt=\"Click here to hear this word\"><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"crex\">nii<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"gloss\">me<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td class=\"bjcex\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\u148c\u1427\u140b\u1424<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18px;\"><img class=\"clickable\" title=\"Click here to hear this word\" data-sound-url=\"\/snd\/grammar\/SPr\/2c.mp3\" src=\"\/img\/speak.gif\" alt=\"Click here to hear this word\"><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"crex\">chiiwaau<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"gloss\">you all<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td class=\"bjcex\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\u148c\u152e\u14c5<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18px;\"><img class=\"clickable\" title=\"Click here to hear this word\" data-sound-url=\"\/snd\/grammar\/SPr\/2d.mp3\" src=\"\/img\/speak.gif\" alt=\"Click here to hear this word\"><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"crex\">chiiyaanuu<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"gloss\">we (you, me and possibly others)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td class=\"bjcex\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\u14c3\u152e\u14d0<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18px;\"><img class=\"clickable\" title=\"Click here to hear this word\" data-sound-url=\"\/snd\/grammar\/SPr\/2e.mp3\" src=\"\/img\/speak.gif\" alt=\"Click here to hear this word\"><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"crex\">niiyaan<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"gloss\">we (but not you)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td class=\"bjcex\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\u1427\u1404<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18px;\"><img class=\"clickable\" title=\"Click here to hear this word\" data-sound-url=\"\/snd\/grammar\/SPr\/2f.mp3\" src=\"\/img\/speak.gif\" alt=\"Click here to hear this word\"><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"crex\">wii<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"gloss\">him\/her<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td class=\"bjcex\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\u1427\u1404\u1427\u140b\u1424<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18px;\"><img class=\"clickable\" title=\"Click here to hear this word\" data-sound-url=\"\/snd\/grammar\/SPr\/2g.mp3\" src=\"\/img\/speak.gif\" alt=\"Click here to hear this word\"><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"crex\">wiiwaau<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"gloss\">them<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td class=\"bjcex\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\u1427\u1404<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18px;\"><img class=\"clickable\" title=\"Click here to hear this word\" data-sound-url=\"\/snd\/grammar\/SPr\/2h.mp3\" src=\"\/img\/speak.gif\" alt=\"Click here to hear this word\"><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"crex\">wii (uhtaawiih)<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"gloss\">him\/her\/them (the other\/s)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p>Cree has two words that correspond to English &#8216;we&#8217;: <span class=\"bjct\">\u148c\u152e\u14c5<\/span> <span class=\"crt\">chiiyaanuu<\/span> is used when I am talking about you, me and possibly others. <span class=\"bjct\">\u14c3\u152e\u14d0<\/span> <span class=\"crt\">niiyaan<\/span> is used when I am talking about us, but not you. <span class=\"bjct\">\u148c\u152e\u14c5<\/span> <span class=\"crt\">chiiyaanuu<\/span> and <span class=\"bjct\">\u14c2\u152e\u14d0<\/span> <span class=\"crt\">niyaan<\/span> have sometimes been called the &#8216;we inclusive (of you)&#8217; and the &#8216;we exclusive (of you)&#8217;. From a Cree perspective, because both <span class=\"crt\">chiiwaau<\/span> and <span class=\"bjct\">\u148c\u152e\u14c5<\/span> <span class=\"crt\">chiiyaanuu<\/span> contain <span class=\"bjct\">\u148c<\/span> <span class=\"crt\">chii<\/span> &#8216;you&#8217;, <span class=\"bjct\">\u148c\u152e\u14c5<\/span> <span class=\"crt\">chiiyaanuu<\/span> is a &#8216;you inclusive (of me)&#8217;, used when you count me in, while <span class=\"bjct\">\u148c\u1427\u140b\u1424<\/span> <span class=\"crt\">chiiwaau<\/span> is a &#8216;you exclusive (of me)&#8217;, used when you do not count me in.<\/p>\r\n<p>The pronoun <span class=\"bjct\">\u1427\u1404<\/span> <span class=\"crt\">wii<\/span> is used for proximate singular and very rarely for <a href=\"..\/..\/nouns\/inflections-obviative\/\">obviative<\/a> forms. It must not be confused with the volitional preverb <span class=\"bjct\">\u1427\u1404<\/span> <span class=\"crt\">wii<\/span>, nor with the emphatic particle <span class=\"bjct\">\u1427\u1404<\/span> <span class=\"crt\">wii.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>The position of the emphatic pronoun in the sentence can make a difference in meaning.Compare:<\/p>\r\n<table class=\"clear\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"bjcex\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\u14c0\u144c\u1426 \u148b\u1472 \u1403\u1450\u1426\u144c\u14d0 \u148c\u166e<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18px;\"><img class=\"clickable\" title=\"Click here to hear this word\" data-sound-url=\"\/snd\/grammar\/SPr\/3.mp3\" src=\"\/img\/speak.gif\" alt=\"Click here to hear this word\"><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"crex\">neteh chika ituhten <strong>chii<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"gloss\">You will go there, YOU (and not someone else).<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td class=\"bjcex\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\u148c \u148b\u1472 \u1403\u1450\u1426\u144c\u14d0 \u14c0\u144c\u1426\u166e<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18px;\"><img class=\"clickable\" title=\"Click here to hear this word\" data-sound-url=\"\/snd\/grammar\/SPr\/4.mp3\" src=\"\/img\/speak.gif\" alt=\"Click here to hear this word\"><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"crex\"><strong>chii<\/strong> chika ituhten neteh.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"gloss\">YOU will go there (whether you like it or not).<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p>When the pronoun <span class=\"bjct\">\u148c<\/span> <span class=\"crt\">chii<\/span> is at the beginning of the sentence, it seems more like an order.<\/p>\r\n<p>Such pronouns can also be used to emphasize\u00a0possession. In that case, the pronoun appears first.<\/p>\r\n<table class=\"clear\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"bjcex\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u14c3 <\/strong>\u140a\u14d0\u166e<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18px;\"><img class=\"clickable\" title=\"Click here to hear this word\" src=\"\/img\/speak.gif\" alt=\"Click here to hear this word\"><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"crex\"><strong><strong>nii<\/strong><\/strong>\u00a0an.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"gloss\">That is mine!<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p>Sometimes these pronouns are written <span class=\"bjct\">\u14c3\u152d<\/span> <span class=\"crt\">niiya<\/span>, <span class=\"bjct\">\u148c\u152d<\/span> <span class=\"crt\">chiiya<\/span>. Such forms are used in letters and in the Bible.<\/p>\r\n<table class=\"clear\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"bjcex\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\u14c3\u152d \u144c\u1403\u14f0\u166e<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18px;\"><img class=\"clickable\" title=\"Click here to hear this word\" data-sound-url=\"\/snd\/grammar\/SPr\/5.mp3\" src=\"\/img\/speak.gif\" alt=\"Click here to hear this word\"><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"crex\"><strong>niiya<\/strong> Daisy.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"gloss\">From Daisy\/ Yours, Daisy.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td class=\"bjcex\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\u148c\u152d \u1439\u1466\u1547\u1516\u166e<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18px;\"><img class=\"clickable\" title=\"Click here to hear this word\" data-sound-url=\"\/snd\/grammar\/SPr\/6.mp3\" src=\"\/img\/speak.gif\" alt=\"Click here to hear this word\"><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"crex\"><strong>chiiya<\/strong> Patricia.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"gloss\">To Patricia, Dear Patricia.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><div id=\"cite\" style=\"z-index: 2000000; display: none; position: fixed; top: 0; right: 0; left: 0; bottom: 0;\">\r\n<div style=\"z-index: 2000000; position: fixed; background: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); top: 0; right: 0; left: 0; bottom: 0;\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('cite').style.display='none';\"><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"z-index: 5000000; position: relative; margin: 10% auto; width: 800px; min-height: 200px; max-height:600px; background-color: white; border-radius: 1em; padding: 1em 2em;\">\r\n\r\n<button class=\"closeButton close\" title=\"close\" style=\"float:right; max-height: 14px;\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('cite').style.display='none';\"><\/button>\r\n<table style=\"max-width: 100%;\"><tbody><tr><td style=\"font-weight: bold;\">APA:<\/td>\r\n<td>Junker, M.-O., Blacksmith, L., &amp; MacKenzie, M. (2003). <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">East Cree Pronouns (Southern Dialect).<\/span> In The Interactive East Cree Reference Grammar. Retrieved from <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">[URL]<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td style=\"font-weight: bold;\">MLA:<\/td>\r\n<td>Marie-Odile Junker, Louise Blacksmith and Marguerite MacKenzie. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">East Cree Pronouns (Southern Dialect).<\/span> In The Interactive East Cree Reference Grammar. 2003. Web. <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">[date]<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p style=\"font-size: 0.8em; padding-left:20px;\"> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">[URL]<\/span> = website address, beginning with \u201chttp:\/\/\u201d<br><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">[Date]<\/span> = the date you accessed the page, styled as follows: 13 Dec. 2015<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Personal Pronouns Emphatic Prefixes Inclusive Personal emphatic pronouns Observation \u14c0\u144c\u1426 \u148b\u1472 \u1403\u1450\u1426\u144c\u1424 \u1427\u1404\u166e neteh chika ituhteu wii. It is her who will go there. The word \u1427\u1404 wii is called a personal pronoun. Cree has a set of personal pronouns that are used to express emphasis. Personal emphatic pronouns \u148c chii you \u14c3 nii me&#8230;  <a  class=\" btn btn-lg btn-primary \" href=\"https:\/\/www.eastcree.org\/cree\/en\/grammar\/southern-dialect\/pronouns\/personal-emphatic\/\">Read the full article&#8230;<\/a>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2831,"menu_order":8,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.eastcree.org\/cree\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2842"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.eastcree.org\/cree\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.eastcree.org\/cree\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.eastcree.org\/cree\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.eastcree.org\/cree\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2842"}],"version-history":[{"count":39,"href":"https:\/\/www.eastcree.org\/cree\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2842\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12989,"href":"https:\/\/www.eastcree.org\/cree\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2842\/revisions\/12989"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.eastcree.org\/cree\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2831"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.eastcree.org\/cree\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2842"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}