{"id":233,"date":"2009-12-24T14:04:15","date_gmt":"2009-12-24T19:04:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/beta.eastcree.org\/eastcree\/?page_id=233"},"modified":"2017-07-17T21:10:34","modified_gmt":"2017-07-18T01:10:34","slug":"gender","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.eastcree.org\/cree\/en\/grammar\/northern-dialect\/verbs\/cree-verbs\/gender\/","title":{"rendered":"Gender"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

<\/a>Gender<\/h1>\r\n
Observation<\/caption>\r\n
\u1427\u140b\u1431\u1426\u144e\u14bb\u166e \u14bb\u166e<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nwaapihtim.<\/td>\r\nShe sees it.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
\u1427\u140b\u1431\u14ab\u1424\u166e<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nwaapimaau.<\/td>\r\nShe sees him.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

The verb \u1427\u140b\u1431\u1426\u144e\u14bb<\/span> waapihtim<\/span> talks about something being seen, while the verb \u1427\u140b\u1431\u14ab\u1424<\/span> waapimaau<\/span> talks about someone<\/strong> being seen. A verb like \u1427\u140b\u1431\u1426\u144e\u14bb<\/span> waapihtim<\/span> can only be used with an inanimate noun for its goal (the role of the thing being looked at). For example, one could say \u1427\u140b\u1431\u1426\u144e\u14bb \u14a8\u1426\u146f\u14ab\u14c2\u1528\u1424<\/span> waapihtim muuhkumaaniyiu<\/span> (inanimate noun ‘knife’) ‘She sees a knife’ but never *\u1427\u140b\u1431\u1426\u144e\u14bb \u14c8\u1439\u1424\u1426<\/span> *waapihtim naapaauh<\/span> (animate noun ‘man’). A verb like \u1427\u140b\u1431\u14ab\u1424<\/span> waapimaau<\/span> on the other hand, can only be used with an animate noun like \u14c8\u1439\u1424<\/span> naapaau<\/span> ‘man’: \u1427\u140b\u1431\u14ab\u1424 \u14c8\u1439\u1424\u1426<\/span>. waapimaau naapaauh<\/span>. ‘She sees a man’.<\/p>\r\n

Consider these other examples:<\/p>\r\n
\u1405\u144e\u14c8\u1424 \u1405\u144e\u1427\u140b\u1511\u1512\u14bb\u1426\u166e<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nutinaau utiwaashishiimh.<\/td>\r\nS\/he takes her child.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
\u1405\u144e\u14c2\u14bb \u14c2\u144e\u1426\u146f\u1528\u14c2\u1528\u1424\u166e<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\nutinim nitihkuyiniyiu.<\/td>\r\nS\/he takes medicine.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

In a transitive<\/a> verb, it is the role of what or who is being acted upon (called “the goal”) that determines which verb is used. In the above examples, when the goal is animate (child), the verb \u1427\u1405\u144e\u14c8\u1424<\/span> utinaau<\/span> is used, and when the goal is inanimate (the medicine) the medicine (inanimate), the verb \u1405\u144e\u14c2\u14bb<\/span> utinim<\/span> is used.<\/p>\r\n

This distinction between animate and inanimate roles also applies to intransitive verbs:<\/p>\r\n
\u140b\u1431\u144e\u14f0\u1424\u166e<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\naapitisiiu.<\/td>\r\nS\/he is working, used.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>
\u140b\u1431\u144e\u14d0\u166e<\/td>\r\n\"Click<\/td>\r\naapitin.<\/td>\r\nIt is used, useful.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

In an intransitive<\/a> verb, there is only a single role that determines which verb is used.<\/p>\r\n

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